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Network DoD TCP/IP Model

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Syllabus Detail

  • Role of Layers, Department of Defence(DoD) (USA) TCP/IP model in network communications 12 ATAR
  • Purpose of the layers with the Dod TCP/IP model; including application layer, transport layer, internet layer, network layer 12 ATAR

Background

  • TCP/IP is the foundation of the internet.
  • The DoD stands for Department of Defense (US Defense Agency)
  • The internet started as the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency or (DARPA)
  • This DoD TCP/IP model became the internet we know today.

Role of TCP/IP Model

  • Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)/ Internet Protocol (IP) is a set of protocols that allow computers to exchange data on a network. The DoD developed this and the role of it is to successfully share data on a network via established protocols.

What are the Layers in this TCP/IP Model

  • Application layer with protocols for applications to share.
  • Transport layer with protocols to share.
  • Internet layer with protocols to share.
  • Network or Network interface layer which is mostly network hardware.

TCP/IP Model - Purpose of the Application Layer

  • This is the upper most layer where people actually use the software.
  • Protocols include HTTP for web browsing, SMTP for email, FTP for file transfer and more
  • The application protocols communicate to the next layer down.

TCP/IP Model - Purpose of the Transport Layer

  • They request to be transported.
  • The protocol used for transporting is the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
  • It divides the data into packets, or puts the packets of data back into the correct order.
  • It adds a TCP header onto each data packet.
  • This data now communicates down lower to the internet layer.

TCP/IP Model - Purpose of the Internet Layer

  • This layer does the addressing to label the packets of data.
  • The protocol used is the Internet Protocol.
  • IP addresses are also added to each packet of data.
  • The IP address of the sending computer and also the IP address of the receiving computer is added to every packet.

TCP/IP Model - Purpose of the Network Layer

  • This layer is where the packets of data are delivered to the computers/users.
  • This data is called frames in this layer.
  • Media Access Control (MAC) addresses are the physical addresses for the network interface cards. These are also added to the frame, 
  • Logic Link Control (LLC) adds information about internet protocol is to be used. This is also added to the frame.
  • This is also the physical layer which uses protocol 802.3 protocol for wired conversion of frames and 802.11 for wireless protocol.
  • The most common network is an ethernet network. Wired or wireless.

 

 

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