defamation = the act of damaging the good reputation of someone
online defamation = putting someone down online eg in Facebook or other internet webpage
defame = verb meaning to damage the good reputation of someone
sue = start legal proceedings against
counteract = act against
pay damages = pay money for hurting someone's reputation
The Concept of Defamation
http://www.findlaw.com.au/articles/4237/social-media-and-defamation.aspx
Defamation: It is defamatory to: · State that someone is corrupt, dishonest or disloyal; · State that someone is suspected of committing, or alleged to have committed an illegal act; · Ridicule an individual; · State that someone has a contagious disease, is suffering from insanity, or says something that is likely to cause the person to be shunned or avoided, even if there is no suggestion of bad character.
Before 2006, Australian states each had different Defamation Acts.
The Defamation Act (2006) started in Australia 1st January 2006
Legal Action Available in Australia to Counteract Online Defamation
firstly you can write to the web host and ask for item to be removed
you can write to the person who wrote it and ask for them to remove it
you can write to the person and ask for them to make amends, remove it, pay damages
you can take legal proceedings, but get legal advice first
you can sue anyone involved in the publishing. However read terms and conditions for use of an App. eg Facebook.
you can take someone to court if you believe you have been defamed
get legal advice
try to get it solved out of court
if successful you can be paid damages (money) and also your court costs may also be paid
What to do if you have defamed someone online
Ref: http://www.findlaw.com.au/articles/4237/social-media-and-defamation.aspx
If the material is indeed defamatory, remove the material immediately, and offer to make amends if the victim has made a complaint that they have been defamed, within 28 days. You can make amends in writing and it must include:
Offer to publish a reasonable correction
Offer to pay expenses reasonably incurred by the complainant to the time of the offer.
The victim can accept your offer of atonement, the action ends there and you can count your blessings that the victim is forgiving in nature. However, if the victim is still bitter about the whole ordeal, and takes you to court, you do have a defence to defamation if the court finds that your offer was indeed reasonable. An apology can also be useful and it's not used as an admission of liability as well.
Describe online defamation in less than 15 words.
Write 5 things you can do, if you know that you have been defamed.
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Learn more from Find Law, lawstuff, my business, and Electronic Frontiers Australia, defamation watch Defamation in Australia newsManual
impact = how it affects us
converge = to join at one point, come together from different directions
convergence = devices blending to one
contemporary = modern
in the old days, one device did one job eg a telephone only made calls to people, a camera only took photos, Add your own!!!!!!
desktop computer did one job
laptops were the start to technology going 'mobile'.
IP (internet protocol) is the cementing of the mobile phenomenon 'the web' and 'wireless' now rule
mobile phones becoming 'smart', by better processing, memory, screen resolution, has caused the start to convergence
people want desktop computer power in a phone, it is starting to happen
peope want improved screen size and processing power, welcome aboard the tablet, iPad, Android. add your own!!!
with improved processing, memory, screen resolution for digital devices etc most devices can now surf the web, send email. play music, add your own!!!
how long before all devices can do everything?? Will it happen??
your iPad will make calls, be a remote for your air conditioning, remote for your TV, watch movies, communicate to home appliances such as ice-block maker in the fridge.
impact = phone companies (and others) need to branch out, change design, keep up with competitors or go out of business
impact = unemployment
impact = amazing continual progress in processing, memory and resolution
impact = new businesses providing these technologies
impact = fewer devices, if your one Tablet can make calls and all tasks needed then you no longer need 3 or 4 devices
impact = waste disposal, do you recycle old digital devices, are the parts recycleable
impact = add your own...
How is advertising likely to change in the following decade?
When will smartwatches have computing power comparable to smartphones of today?
Why isnt facial recognition built into computers and hand/fingerprint recognition integrated into mice, trackpads and keyboards?
What are the impacts of convergence trends in digital devices?
For large businesses
For students
For the environment
Internet censorship is the control or suppression of what can be accessed, published, or viewed on the Internet. It may be carried out by governments or by private organizations at the behest of government, regulators, or on their own initiative. Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_censorship
Censorship is done by controlling Internet Service Providers.
It is done by IP Address blocking and/or domain name filtering, to name 2 of the many methods.
As of 2015, only North Korea and Cuba still have total censorship of the internet. This is changing.
Other countries have, or are in the process of creating laws for what censorship to put in place.
There are many categories of information on the internet
Pornography, gambling sites, chat and many others that have content that can cause great discussion.
Child pornography is a highly controversial topic.
this is an example of the internet allowing crime to continue; by image circulation or 'Chat' for predators to meet young kids
Even the idea of free speech being used on the internet goes against what some countries see as wrong.
The idea of censoring or preventing some aspects of the internet is a worthy one to a degree.
One may argue that it is a right for individuals in a country to have open access to the internet.
Others may argue that it is right for the country to prevent ideas that go against the government wishes.
1. Why do countries censor their internet?
2. In your opinion, Is it a good thing that internet censorship happens? Why? or Why not?
Learn more from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Australia
Issues to do with the use of cloud computing including; 12 ATAR
confidentiality of data
sensitivity of documents
level of accessibility
availability of online applications
The cloud offers ready access to many resources for so many people.
It reduces both hardware and software operating costs for business and private users.
It is very convenient to access it on multiple devices.
But what is the real cost of saving data online, and using online applications.
The more online applications we have, the more online data we have.
10 years ago there were hardly any online applications. Now we have 1000s to choose from.
We can use online applications such as social networking to keep in touch with family and friends.
Business can choose from 100s of online storage applications.
The more that data is stored online, the more opportunity for criminal activity such as theft and fraud.
Access to the data, means who can get to the data.
Is it a matter of going to a website and collecting the information. Like this website.
Do you need to log in to get the information?
Google docs uses the login method. So does Facebook, Twitter and many more.
The more valuable the data is, the more care needs to be taken to keep it safe.
We need to train people to have secure passwords, and to consider unauthorised access as a way of cloud life.
Businesses need to consider reliable and secure cloud computing services, if they were to go down this road.
Confidential means, meant to be secret.
If your data is saved on your home computer, you know it is relatively safe.
If your data is saved in the cloud, you don’t know if it is safe or not.
It is the same with business. If stored locally, they know it is mostly safe.
If business store in the cloud, then there are many questions that can be asked.
Is the data safe from unauthorised people looking at it and possibly using it?
The Cloud Service Provider (CSP) may analyse client data.
Hackers may get into the data and analyse it for business secrets and the like.
People need to consider where they place confidential or secret data.
Businesses need to consider if the cloud storage solution they are using is secure or not.
Data stored in the cloud is important.
Some are more important than others.
For example the secret business plans for Holden’s latest model car.
Patient records for hospital systems are sensitive and their storage needs to be different from that of a blog post for kid writing about his BMX race on the weekend.
The more sensitive the document, the more care needs to taken to keep it safe.
Where are your doctors records kept?
1. Name the olden day method for storing data and state how it is different from the current trend of cloud storage.
2. Explain how cloud computing can cause issues for a business.
3. Go to the wikipedia site below and find out what the third biggest threat is for cloud computing. Answer: insider attacks
Learn more from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing_security
Digital technologies have changed the way many businesses operate. The information age and the speed of networked communications means that information spreads very quickly. Excellent business ideas move quickly. But, does this increase productivity? What are the impacts of this?
Global markets provides more opportunities for consumers.
Apple’s global productivity has picked up as result of digital technologies. Sales of the iPhone are carrying the company to record sales profits.
Technological improvements in farm machinery, mean that farmers can buy tractors that can be driven remotely to seed or plough a paddock. This will improve productivity for the farmer.
Improvements in educational opportunities via online learning improves the productivity of graduates from universities. Lessening the need for university professors.
Improvements in medical diagnosis equipment such as a MRI, means improved productivity for the health industry.
Digital analysis of business statistics can point out areas where costs can be made and where cutbacks should occur.
Computer analysis of production samples can assist purity for minerals such as gold and iron ore assisting productivity.
Computer analysis of DNA in police forensics is advancing so that criminals can be caught and bodies identified which has improved policing productivity
Access to learning;
24/7 access to university and courses online, cheaper method of getting a degree, less travel,
24/7 access to students in schools via school extranets, improved results with constant feedback for improvement opportunities
24/7 access to information on a plethora of topics. Enlightened population.
Access to entertainment
24/7 access to movies on demand, is there uncontrolled viewing for young kids watching the wrong thing
24//7 access to online games. Will this lead to lack of concentration in class after staying up late playing games till 2.00am
Access to work
24/7 access to work extranets
24/7 access to work cloud storage, convenient, but is your private information still private??
24/7 access to emails and work from home; great for workaholics, not so good for a great family environment
Access to online purchasing
24/7 access to ebay and gumtree style of websites
24/7 access to a plethora of items for purchase. Wonderful variety to choose from. But wrong size, can you return it?
24/7 opportunity to spend too much.
Access to family and friends
24/7 access to social networking to share news and events.
Improved communication for families
Easy access for cyber bullying
Access to online gambling
24/7 access to losing money and possibly a marriage as well.
Outsourcing is getting other companies to do some of a companies normal business activity.
Improvements in digital technologies and availability of global markets assist this to happen.
For example Telstra, Optus and many other companies have outsourced a lot of customer support off shore.
An impact of this is that local jobs in Australia are lost.
Security of company details could be lost if off shore. Privacy laws in Australia are not relevant in other countries so privacy is a large issue.
Quality control of services is up to the whim of the company conducting the outsourcing. The concept of trust is very important and should be based on successful past performance. The large companies are more reliable, but what of the smaller ones who are cheaper??
Company projects could be copied and sold on as their own causing copyright and licensing issues.
Hidden costs of communicating on unreliable networks depending on location of outsourcing company. Ideas could be lost in the translation of the ideas.
The reputation of the company is in the hands of a different company.
1. Summarise key points for the topics above.
Traditional methods of communicating to family and friends was usually by the following methods.
• Face to Face
• By telephone
• Writing a Letter
• Telegram.
Face to face meant you would need to walk or drive to their house in order to communicate with them.
By telephone was another method for communicating. This has been changed to include video calls as an option.
Written letters were sent through the postal system and delivered to them.
A telegram was used for urgent communication. To send a telegram you would take your written message to the post office and they would send it via ‘electric telegraph’ to another post office where it was decoded and hand delivered to the correct house. They were usually very short as they charged by the word.
The impact of social networking on these traditional methods has been significant.
• Face to face has now changed to include long distance face to face communications and uses smartphone video calls.
• Telephone is still available but has been expanded to include conference calls with many users in the same conversation, if that is desired.
• Letter writing has almost been replace by smartphone text message, instant messaging and emails.
• Telegrams have certainly been replaced by text messaging.
• Before instant messaging and emails most communications were paper based.
• These paper based industries have become less important in our society for many.
• Paper based industries have needed to adapt to survive in the business world.
• This has affected workers in these industries in unemployment, retraining and the like.
• It has also affected the transport industry which no longer need to transport the large quantities of paper based publications.
FOR YOU TO DO
1 Describe how information was created and distirbuted before the internet.
2 Describe how social networking changed traditional methods of publication and distribution.